Conjunções são palavras usadas para ligar frases, cláusulas ou sentenças. As mais usadas estão expostas abaixo; Although
/ Though (informal) = embora Even
though (enfático) = muito embora Albeit
=
embora In spite of / Despite = apesar de In
spite of / Despite
the danger, he was calm. Observações: a)Todas as conjunções citadas anteriormente, tanto podem vir no início do período como entre duas orações. Veja: Her mother
dresses her in adult clothes, although / though
the girl is only five. He was calm
in spite of / despite the danger. b)In spite of possui duas exigências: ou virá seguida de substantivo (in spite of the rain = apesar da chuva) ou, de verbo no gerundio ( in spite of being alone = apesar de estar sozinho) uma vez que "of" é preposição. c)Usamos in spite of the fact that (apesar do fato de que) e despite the fact that (apesar do fato de que) quando seguidas de sujeito + verbo (Despite the fact that it was raining = apesar do fato de que estava chovendo) d)Podemos também usar "though" no final de uma sentença (como advérbio), mas observe sua tradução: The mansion
isn’t very nice. I like the kitchen though. As conjunções abaixo mostram duas idéias contrárias, isto é, ligam duas frases que se opõem. However
/ Yet / Nevertheless = contudo, entretanto I don’t agree
with what that man said, but he’s a very good speaker however. He’s overweight
and bald, (and) yet , he’s incredibly
attractive. I knew the
subject already, but her talk was interesting nevertheless. But
= mas Except / But = exceto It’s quiet
everywhere except in the kitchen. She’s one
of those guests who does nothing but
complain. As conjunções citadas abaixo mostram a combinação de idéias. So / thus / therefore / consequently = assim, desta forma, conseqüentemente The boys
hadn’t studied, so they failed. They planned
to reduce staff and thus to cut costs. We weren’t
able to get the money therefore had
to abandon the project. I spent most
of my money in the first week and consequently
had very little to eat by the end of the holiday. Hence = daí, por isso, conseqüentemente His mother
was Italian, hence his name – Luca. He wasn’t
there hence, he didn’t see anything. Then = então, desta forma Give her
the letter to read, then she’ll understand. Have a rest
now, then you won’t be so tired this
evening. Besides
/ Moreover / Furthermore / In addition = além disso, além
do mais, ademais I’m too tired.
Besides, I have an appointment. The whole
report is badly written. Moreover,
it’s inaccurate. I suggest
we use Barkers as our main suppliers – they’re good and furthermore
they’re cheap. In
addition to his house in London, he has a villa in Italy and
a castle in Scotland. Like = como (semelhança), como se fosse He works
like a horse. As = como (identidade, função) He works
as a teacher. Even = mesmo, até mesmo There was
even a garden. Unless = a não ser que, a menos que He can’t
get this job unless he’s got experience. Otherwise = de outro modo, por outro lado Everybody
who spoke out against the regime were , jailed or otherwise
punished. Because = porque, por causa, devido a Because
I’m not prepared enough. As if / As though = como se My sister
acted as though/as if she had gotten
the prize. If
you study, you will pass. Whether
= se I don’t know
whether he is able to conclude the
task. Likewise
= do mesmo modo Watch how
the man does it and then do likewise. Till, Until = até We waited
till / until half past six for them. While = enquanto While
I was in France I went to see Pierre. Whereas
= ao passo que Paul must
be about seventy, whereas his wife
looks about forty. Since
= pois que, desde que, visto que, já que Joan has
been wearing glasses since she was
a child. Since
we’ve got a few minutes, let’s have a cup of coffee. And
= e They kissed
and hugged each other. |
Infinitive and Gerund
Usos do infinitivo "com to" Após os seguintes verbos afford (ter meios para) appear (aparecer) arrange (arranjar, organizar) attempt (tentar) ask (pedir, perguntar) be about